Evaluate$\int \sqrt{\tan x}dx$
Answer
Let $$A=\int\sqrt{\tan x}\,\mathrm dx$$ $$B=\int\sqrt{\cot x}\,\mathrm dx$$
Then
\[A+B=\int\left(\sqrt{\tan x}+\sqrt{\cot x}\right) dx=\sqrt{2} \int\frac{\sin x+\cos x}{\sqrt{\sin2x}}\mathrm dx\]
\[ =\sqrt2\int\frac{(\sin x-\cos x)'}{\sqrt{1-(\sin x-\cos x)^2}}\,\mathrm dx =\sqrt2\int\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-u^2}}\,\mathrm du\]
\[ =\sqrt2\sin^{-1}u =\sqrt2\sin^{-1}(\sin x-\cos x).\]
Also
\[A-B=\int\left(\sqrt{\tan x}-\sqrt{\cot x}\right)\,\mathrm dx =\sqrt2\int\frac{\sin x-\cos x}{\sqrt{\sin2x}} \,\mathrm dx\]
\[ =-\sqrt2\int\frac{(\sin x+\cos x)'}{\sqrt{(\sin x+\cos x)^2-1}}\,\mathrm dx =-\sqrt2\int\frac{\mathrm du}{\sqrt{u^2-1}}\]
\[=-\sqrt2\cosh^{-1}(\sin x+\cos x) \]
Thus we get
\[A=\int\sqrt{\tan x} dx=\frac{(A-B)+(A+B)}2\]
\[= \frac{\sqrt2}2(\sin^{-1}(\sin x-\cos x)-\cosh^{-1}(\sin x+\cos x)) + C.\]
Note than you also get
\[B=\int\sqrt{\cot x} dx=-\frac{(A-B)-(A+B)}2\]
\[=- \frac{\sqrt2}2(\sin^{-1}(\sin x-\cos x)-\cosh^{-1}(\sin x+\cos x)) + C.\]
- answered
- 3790 views
- $3.00
Related Questions
- Applications of Integration [Calculus 1 and 2]
- Find the area bounded by the graphs of two functions
- Finding only one real root for a function
- Custom Solutions to Stewart Calculus, Integral
- Easy money (basic calc)
- Find the extrema of $f(x,y)=x$ subject to the constraint $x^2+2y^2=2$
- What is this question asking and how do you solve it?
- Evaluate the line intergral $\int_C (2x^3-y^3)dx+(x^3+y^3)dy$, and verify the Green's theorem